Horizontal coke-oven.



F. J. COLLIN.

HORIZONTAL COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MAB-.14, 1905.

Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

f 4A v F. J. COLLIN.

HORIZONTAL COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED HA3 14, 1905.

Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

3 8HBETBSHBET 2.

514 ucmi oz flfiozuusa UNITED sTnTns PATEYEN T Oli l IUE.

FRANCL S JOSI JIH COLLIN, OF DURTMU'NI), GERMANY:

HORIZONTA L COKE V EN Specification. of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 14, 1905.

Patented :1

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that 1, Returns JOEEFH Coir LI a civil engineer, and a subject of the K gof Prussia, and residing in the city of D0rtmund,-Kingdom of Prussia and German Em ire; have invented a certain new and use -ul Improvement in Horizontal Coke- Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

The variousconstructions of coke ovens which have become known Within the past years, are chiefly intended for the purpose of K o'ducing p. uniform heating of the walls;

' Wever, notwithstanding various experi merits, this aim'has been accomplished but imperfectly. In a root number of cases the heating of the mifdle part of the oven and ash general rule the heating of the heads of the oven was notsatisfactory. Even those .ovens, which are provided with a specially adjusted separate gasand air admission con duit for each individual heatin flue, are not capable of affording a uniform eating of the walls, such as isdesirable and even required for thepur use of obtaining an unvaryin uniform co ing time. The principal do 1- ciency is due to the fact that too little care is bestowed upon maintaining the uniformity, of movement of the gases of combustion in the heating channels themselves, apart from the more'or less efficient distribution of gas and air. In consequence of this it is noted, that those channels which are farthest away fromthe channels or fines for the dischar e of the gases, are the most unsatisfactori y heated and particularly for the reason, be-

cause the insufficient movement within those ,chanuels does not admit of an intense, really eci'inoinical combustion. The thus insulting reduced generation of heat interferes iargily withthe duration of the coking and. finishing period. B the construction of ovens, as represente in Figs. 1 to 7 of the drawing, it is intended to overcome these inconveniences by the fact, that an absolutely uniform distribution of heating gas and air of combustion extending lengthwise to the Wall of the furnace, is useliin connection with devices, which make it possible to produce the'before mentioned uniform suction in the several heating channels.

In the accompanying drawings :----l*"igure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a wall of the oven, the section being taken through the gas admission channel 'ig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the air admission \Cllllliilffl; Fig. 3 shows a lon itlniinal section through the oven chamber; lfiig. 4 represents tmnsvcrse sections on the lines a -b and c---- Z-in Fig. 1 Fig. 5 shows a horizontal secas escape channels of the wall of the oven.

ig. 5 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale through one set of heating flues, show-- ing the gas and air inlets,' Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectionalview on the line a b of Fig. 5; Fig. 6 shows a horizontal section through the channels for the waste heat and Fig. 7 is a similar section throughthe bottomchannels (is-j), the walls (g-. i) and the connect ing, gas transferring channels (i----lr).

The oven chamber or coking chamber .1 provided with the feed o 'icnings 2 (Fig. 3) and 1t is closed at both sides airtight by closely fitting doors (Figs. and 7'). The gases which are liberated in the oven chambhr 1, are sucked oii' tluough the openings 3 and are then conducted to a condensing device which. consists of coolers and Washers, and, after having been freed from the valuable bvthe ovens through the pipes 4 (Fig. 1) for the purpose of heatin the ovens. 'lhe pipes 5 are intended for the distribution of the gas in the gas distributing channels 6 (Fig. I) which are provided with openings 7 to connect them with the heating lines or channels 8, the sectional areas of which are preferably decreasing, the farther they are remote from the gas entrance. By making the openings 7 in the form and arranging them in the manner described, a uniformsu ply of gas from the gas distributing chenne s is provided. If all of the openings T were of the same width channel would receive a greater sL .ply of gas than those nearer said sup ly coll owing to the pressure under which t egos enters the channel. B Y hevin the openings decrease in width as dcscribu a more uniform supply of gas is efl ccted. The gas which is thus admitted into the boating channels 8, is

pro'vidm'l with the necessary air of combustion through the openings 9 (Figs. 1 and 2). The burning gas then ascends in the heating channels 8, passes through the draft compensating channel 10 and then descends through separate gas discharge channels 11, whicl'i are cut out in the bow l-stones, and into the channels 12 in the bolton'i oi the oven;

then the gases pass through. the openings 13 (Fig. 3) into the waste heat clomuels l4,

tion thro'ughthe heating channels and theproducts, the gases are alloweljl to enter intothose farther from tho suliply end of the which are united at the outside of the system of chambers into one flue 15 (Fig. 6) leading to the boiler house. Housings 100 are provided for the protection of the pipes 4.

The sucking off through the discharge channels 11 presents the following advantages:-In the first place an absolutely uniform action of the draft within the wall is obtained as already mentioned above, and in the second place'it becomes possible, to admit the waste heat to the bottom channels with the same temperature which it has acquired in the upper part of the wall, so thit the waste heat sunioes for the heating oi the bottom of the oven. Furthermore gases of distillation are prevented from getting into the gas discharge channels 11 from the oven chamber and from getting lost, so that their by-products ma be utilized ii'i'the condensing lant. Then, t e formation of darker, that is to say less heated parts in the walls of the oven is avoided in view of the suction of the gases being made to extend everywhere over the entire length of the oven. The stability of the Wallis increased by this arrangement, in view of the gas transferring overhead channel 10 .being made of smaller sectional area than is usual in the case of ovens, in which the gases are sucked off at only one place on the wall of the oven.

.Hereinafter the arrangement of the waste heat channels 14- is to be specially considered, which take up the entire space below the system of oven chambers and which are connected to each other by lateral openings 16 (Fig. 6). The utility of this arrangement is apparent: In the first place it prevents the formation of cracks and fissures in the bottom channels andin the walls of the oven, which are liable to dccur in the case of large waste heat channels, constituting only one chamber, below the ovens, in consequence of the ex ansion of the stones over the Waste heat c annels, notwithstandin the arrangement of protecting vaults an of empty spaces. In this form of constructhan any movement of the stone material of the waste heat channels does not interfere injurionsly with the masonry'of the oven above the said channels, because the movement and the expansion are evenly distributed. In the second place less heat is lost from the ovens. The radiating heat of the waste heat channels 14 in theupperdirection is utilized by the ovens and by the bottom of the ovens, whilethe heat radiating in the downward direction is utilized by the.

cold air of combustiorrwhich enters from the outside into the arches 17 of the foundations (Figs. 1, 2, 3) and which is submitted inthis manner to a valuable preliminary heating. The air passes fromthe vaults 17 of the foundations through the air channels 18 (Figs. 1 and 2) and into the air distributing openings 9. The air admission channels 18 are so arranged at the sides and below the gas admission channels, that they are acting as a means to cool the said channels or. to keep them at a temperature which will prevent the deposition of graphite in the gas admission channels. The admission of air is regulated by the slides 19 (Figs. 1 and 2).

The small openings 20 which are provided in the ceilin of the oven chamber and above the side wall (Figs. 1 to .3) are left open when the ovens are worked without recovery of by-products. is started, the gases pass iromthe oven chamber and through the openings 20 into the wall channels, where they are burned andthey are then conducted through the as discharge When the heating of the ovens channels into the bottom' of t e oven and thence into the waste heat channels. What I claim and ,desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States 'is:--+ l 1.- A horizontal coke oven provided with vertical heating channels and with gas dis tributing channels arranged below the heating channels and having" openings or slots connecting said gas distributing channels with the several heating channels, the openings or slots being formed in such a manner that those lying next to the gas entrance are of greater sectional area than those, lying farther away.

2. In a coke .oven, the combination with vertical heating channels, of gas distributing channels arranged below and communicating with the heating channels, air conduits opening into said heatingchannels above the inlets of the gas distributing channels, a collecting channe above and communicating with the heatin channels, and bond stones connecting the we. ls of the heating channels and havin formed therein discharge channels that lea from said collecting channel to the bottom of the oven. K

3. In a coke oven, the combination with vertical heating channels, of a gas clistriliut 'ingchannel arranged below and communicating with a lurality of said heating channels through in ets which decrease in size from the sup ly end ofsaid gas channel, independent channels for su plying air to each heatin channel above t 1e inlet from the gas chans ne ,a-collecting channel communicating with the heating channels, and bond-stones connecting the walls of the heating channels and having formed therein discharge channels which communicate with outlets in said collectmg channel and lead to the bottom of the oven.

my name in the presence or two subscribing witnesses.

FRANCIS JOSEPH COLLIN.

Witnesses:

PETER Lm'snn, WILLIAM Essnn'wmu.

In.witness whereof, I have hereunto si med 

